On the easiest and hardest fitness functions
                        
                        
                            - Submitting institution
 
                            - 
                                Nottingham Trent University
                                
 
                            
 
                            - Unit of assessment
 
                            - 11 - Computer Science and Informatics
 
                            - Output identifier
 
                            - 24 - 699597
 
                            - Type
 
                            - D - Journal article
 
                                - DOI
 
                                - 
                                        10.1109/TEVC.2014.2318025
                                
 
                                - Title of journal
 
                                - IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
 
                                - Article number
 
                                - -
 
                                - First page
 
                                - 295
 
                                - Volume
 
                                - 19
 
                                - Issue
 
                                - 2
 
                                - ISSN
 
                                - 1089-778X
 
                                - Open access status
 
                                - Out of scope for open access requirements
 
                            - Month of publication
 
                            - April
 
                            - Year of publication
 
                            - 2014
 
                            - URL
 
                            - 
-                            
 
                            - Supplementary information
 
                            - 
-                            
 
                            - Request cross-referral to
 
                            - -
 
                            - Output has been delayed by COVID-19
 
                            - No
 
                            - COVID-19 affected output statement
 
                            - -
 
                            - Forensic science
 
                            - No
 
                            - Criminology
 
                            - No
 
                            - Interdisciplinary
 
                            - No
 
                            - Number of additional authors
 
                            - 
                                2
                            
 
                            - Research group(s)
 
                            - 
                                        
A - Computing and Informatics Research Centre
                             
                                - Citation count
 
                                - 26
 
                            - Proposed double-weighted
 
                            - No
 
                            - Reserve for an output with double weighting
 
                            - No
 
                            - Additional information
 
                            - This paper proves “that the unimodal functions are the easiest and deceptive functions are the hardest in terms of the time-fitness landscape” [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2017.10.038]. This is significant because the conclusion was proved in a rigorous way. It was adopted as the theoretical assumption in the constructing of benchmark problems in evolutionary computation [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.swevo.2018.04.005]. The work attracted other researchers’ interest and led to new cooperation with University of Sheffield and follow-on publications on easiest functions for mutation operators in bio-Inspired optimisation [https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0201-4].   This paper was collaboration with University of Birmingham and Chinese Academy of Sciences.
 
                            - Author contribution statement
 
                            - -
 
                            - Non-English
 
                            - No
 
                            - English abstract
 
                            - -